Hip Hop A Cultural Movement - 1851 Words

Hip-Hop is a cultural movement that emerged from the ramshackle South Bronx, New York in the early 1970’s. The area’s predominantly African American and Puerto Rican populations originated this musical genre and culture that over the past four decades has developed into a global perception impacting the youth culture around the world. â€Å"The South Bronx was a full of political, social, and economic rising in the years leading up to the beginning of Hip-Hop.† The early part of the 1970’s found many African American and Hispanic communities seeking relief from the poverty, drug, and gangs in neighborhoods. Hip-Hop proved to be a successful source as both an outlet for expressing the struggles of life during the rising of crime and violence as well as an enjoyable form of recreation. Jeff Chang explains in Can’t Stop Won’t Stop that Hip Hop has three main themes including: the social condition that gave hip hop a rise, the people that help p ioneered it and moved it forward, and also the transformation from a party-oriented movement to political. Chang begun Can’t Stop Won’t Stop by showing the social conditions that gave a rise to hip hop in New York, particularly the South Bronx many years before leading to the birth of Hip Hop. The most critical events that shaped early hip-hop generation was the construction of the Cross-Bronx Expressway through the years of 1948-1972. The Cross-Bronx Expressway was a solitary road, made to decrease travel times for the wealthy suburbanShow MoreRelated Hip-Hop as a Cultural Movement Essay1570 Words   |  7 Pages Hip-Hop is a cultural movement that emerged from the dilapidated South Bronx, New York in the early 1970’s. The area’s mostly African American and Puerto Rican residents originated this uniquely American musical genre and culture that over the past four decades has developed into a global sensation impacting the formation of youth culture around the world. The South Bronx was a whirlpool of political, social, and economic upheaval in the years leadi ng up to the inception of Hip-Hop. The early partRead MoreHip Hop as a Cultural Movement Essay2625 Words   |  11 PagesWilson May 14, 2010 Hip-hop as a Cultural Movement What first comes to mind nowadays when you hear the word ‘hip-hop’? Most people think of a gangster embellished in large diamonds, sporting baggy clothes, huge cars, all with a general disregard for the welfare of humanity. It wasn’t always like this: hip-hop was originally born as a recreational activity, used as an outlet to cope with poverty. The notion of hip-hop has clearly changed in a big way since the advent of hip-hop culture back inRead MoreHip Hop : A Cultural Movement And Popular Genre Of Music Essay1920 Words   |  8 Pagesthat there s some kind of unity in hip-hop. We all found something that s really important to us, and music is all we ve really got† – Missy Elliot. Hip-Hop is a cultural movement and popular genre of music that emerged during the early 1970 s by working class Black youths in New York City. The cultural movement has rapidly expanded across different countries and ethnicities over the years, becoming one of the f ew markers that define a generation. Hip-Hop can be seen as â€Å"the fundamental matrixRead MoreHip-hop was a cultural movement. It emerged in the early 1970s from the South Bronx. Hip-hop came1300 Words   |  6 PagesHip-hop was a cultural movement. It emerged in the early 1970s from the South Bronx. Hip-hop came from the â€Å"ghetto† and it became a cultural force of social protest and creativity. But from the 1990s and onward hip-hop changed from a cultural creative production to one of mass consumption. Hip-hop began to grow and through mass marketing targeting larger and whiter audiences hip-hop evolved in to relying on the images of crime and sex. Hip-hop has changed from a tool of social change to cars, womenRead MoreThe Impact Of Hip Hop Music On America1491 Words   |  6 Pagesdescended from all African culture and tradition. Today, Hip-hop music in America is generally considered to have been pioneered out of New York s South Bronx in the early 1970’ s by a Jamaican-born DJ Herc. By the time mid-1970s, New York s hip-hop gained wide-spread popularity and the scene was dominated by seminal turn-tablists DJs Grandmaster Flash, Herc and Afrika Bambaataa. The rappers of a group named â€Å"Sugarhill Gang† produced hip-hop s first commercially successful hit, Rapper s DelightRead More Music - The Hip-hop Movement Essay1650 Words   |  7 PagesThe Hip-hop Movement Hip-hop has become a new cultural phenomenon in North America and has become quite popular all over the world. Hip-hop began in the 1970s in New York City where it has its origins in the African-American community. However, because of music videos, Hip-hop culture has become accessible to everyone in society and has merged into mainstream pop culture. Hip-hop culture may not have been as popular if it was not for the accessibility of this new media. The Hip-hop movementRead MoreHarlem Renaissance Essay1341 Words   |  6 PagesMadhubuti’s contention, Jeffery Stewart stated after major victories of the civil rights movement another intellectual and cultural rebellion called Black Power movement. Madhubuti’s, a black arts movement members relationship with Harlem Renaissance is one of the youngest African dont like politics and aesthetic of the previous generation of black artists. The â€Å"utmost impatience† I would about how Black Arts movement member expressed themselves to the Harlem Renaissance and its allegedly excessive whiteRead MoreEssay on The Globalization of Hip Hop Music1498 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Wikipedia, Hip-hop music, also called rap music, is a musical genre consisting of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted. It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/r apping, DJing/scratching, breaking/dancing, and graffiti writing. Hip hop is also characterized by these other elements: sampling (or synthesis), and beatboxing. Hip hop music developed from partyRead MoreA Response to â€Å"Hip Hop: a Roadblock or Pathway to Black Empowerment†1110 Words   |  5 PagesLancaster ENGL- 1301 18 September, 2012 A Response to â€Å"Hip Hop: A Roadblock or pathway to Black Empowerment† Geoffrey Bennett’s article Hip Hop: A Roadblock or Pathway to Black Empowerment illustrates the influence hip hop and rap music has had on not only the music industry but mainstream culture, African Americans to be specific. Geoffrey Bennett, a senior English Major from Voorhees, New Jersey goes over many aspects of how hip hop came to be â€Å"the forefront of American attention.† He startsRead MoreWhat is Hip Hop?1057 Words   |  5 Pagescontroversy regarding the derogative nature of Hip-hop, One cannot downplay the cultural influences that hip-hop has impressed on the world. Merriam-Webster defines hip-hop as the stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rap (citation). Although the conventional definition of hip-hop is generally correct, it does not adequately portray the gravity of the movement. Coined by the urban youth, Hip-hop has forced its way to the pinnacle of mainstream America. Hip-hop’s massive influence on the English

The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible Essay example

Huston 1 Zakary Huston Mr. Montalbano AP English Language and Composition 11 August 2014 The Scarlet Crucible Both Arthur Miller’s The Crucible and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter include instance of settlers of the New England colonies being affected by Puritan law. Their commentary on Puritan society is spread throughout their works. Their views on the laws set forth by Puritanism are easily found within their stories about the various occurrences in a theocracy. Through their writing, we can understand Hawthorne’s and Miller’s ideas about several aspects of Puritan society, such as the community’s treatment of outsiders, Puritanical views about sin and forgiveness, and hypocrisy in that society.†¦show more content†¦At Proctor’s house, Reverend Hale tries to determine his piety. When Hale discovers Proctor only attended church twenty ­six times in seventeen months, Hale says, â€Å"And yet, Mister, a Christian on Sabbath Day must be in church† (Miller 65). Hale’s wording seems to imply only non ­Christian would not attend church every week. These suspicions are what lead to the arrest of Proctor’s wife, even though the arrest was made based on superstitious evidence. and eventually even Proctor himself. Through the tragic death of innocent, Miller gives the reader a sense of the discrimination and fear with which the Puritans treat the unknown, including outcasts. Anything different from their usual, almost routine, lives is automatically set up to be put down by the rest of the Puritan society. Nathaniel Hawthorne divulges his same view about the atrocious treatment of the â€Å"outsider† in his book, â€Å" The Scarlet Letter ,† through the character Hester Prynne. Hester is shamed publicly for her sin of adultery, for which she bears the mark of an â€Å"A† upon her bosom, and she is forced to live alone with her daughter, isolated from the rest of the townsfolk, creating even more of a barrier between her, the â€Å"outsider†, and the Puritans. For years after her condemnation, Hester is scorned by nearly everyone she meets for an act she had done long ago. â€Å"ClergymenShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible And The Scarlet Letter1130 Words   |  5 Pagespeople in society, there is a certain set of logical unspoken rules that are not written rules. The understanding and following of these rules will allow you to belong in most groups. Unspoken rules are what make a group who they are. The Crucible and The Scarlet Letter both have perfect examples for the relationship between unspoken rules and belonging. Also, these works take place in the 17th century around the same area. This creates almost the same setting for both stories where the unspoken rulesRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter And The Crucible1169 Words   |  5 Pagesof the different ideologies and beliefs of the time period. The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible both take place at a time in our nation’s history that is much studied for its significance. These were time s when America was just beginning to become colonized. The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible teach the readers vital information about the time period in which these texts take place. To begin with, The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible relay vital information to the reader about how rule-breakers wereRead MoreThe Crucible And The Scarlet Letter1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe Crucible and The Scarlet Letter have several commodities in common. A basic summary of The Crucible is, it’s about a village, Salem, in the 1600’s, wherein witchery is loose and several conflicted souls must be captured, purified, confessed, or hung. The attempt to dispose of all witchcraft was tampered with by citizens of Salem being dishonest and deceitful. Lots of the deception stemmed from the jealousy, vengeance, and other personal vendettas. The Scarlet Letter summarized is that it is aboutRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter And The Crucible821 Words   |  4 Pagesis one that that is both emitted in the Scarlet Letter and The Crucible. Both literary works share similar ideas, but also have quite a few differences. Nathaniel Hawthorne, the writer, utilizes symbolism for the scarlet letter, to be a symbol of Hester’s shame. The embroidered â€Å"A† on Hester’s bosom symbolizes the sin of adultery which she had committed. Not only was the sign of embarrasment used but also the scaffold had great importance in the Scarlet Letter. The scaffold was used as place of humiliationRead MoreThe Crucible And The Scarlet Letter1337 Words   |  6 PagesThe Crucible and The Scarlet Letter are two literary works that helps to shape themes for generations of inquiry. The books emphasize the themes stated all throughout the deposition of the story. They were also books that spoke about a messages as the social issues were taking place during their time periods known as, ‘The Red Scare’ and ‘Puritan Takeover.’ The two books are especially interesting in the way they display these themes, while going about them differently. The Crucible focuses on theRead MoreThe Crucible And The Scarlet Letter2065 Words   |  9 PagesPuritanis m as well. Both Miller and Hawthorne take negative stances against Puritanism. This can be seen in their works The Crucible and The Scarlet Letter. The Scarlet Letter deals with the Puritan intolerance of those who committed a sin. In Hester Prynne’s situation, her adultery with Reverend Dimmesdale seemed to have sparked a particular hatred for her within her community. The Crucible deals with the Puritan fight against witchcraft. Many people in the town are accused of being witches and are forcedRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter And The Crucible1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe Scarlet Letter and The Crucible are two stories both set in the early days of the Massachusetts colony. Both of these stories have many similarities between them, including setting, situations, and conflict. The two stories were also very different. The effects of sin on the characters, how they deal with their sin, and the consequences of their actions are different in each story. The Crucible and The Scarle t Letter are different works and although they deal with similar conflicts the consequencesRead MoreComparing the Crucible and the Scarlet Letter1071 Words   |  5 Pagesbooks. Two selections that go into detail about some of the different aspects of the Puritan people are The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, and The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne. These two particular writers who wrote of Puritan times conveyed, in their text, the similarities of religion, punishment, and adultery in the Puritan community of 17th century. br brBriefly, The Crucible looks at some the actual historical events of the Salem witch trials. It was witchcraft that the story was setRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter and the Crucible Comparison948 Words   |  4 PagesSkyler Vincent English 2333 Amanda Cuellar April 04, 2012 In The Crucible and The Scarlet Letter, they are both known to be a part of the Puritan religion. The puritans are known to be very strict. Often people are put to cruel punishments for mistakes or sins they had committed. The actions they take to â€Å"punish† a person are extreme. The Puritans act and seem so committed to their religion. The people seem â€Å"Holy† but you never really know what happens behind closed doors. The Puritan religionRead MoreScarlet Letter And The Crucible Comparison732 Words   |  3 PagesThe Comparison of The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible Both in the novel The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, and the play The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller, women play an important role in the story. Whether it’s for the good of the town or for the worse is the main difference in the stories. Both take a different view on women, and make them the main driving feature of the story, leading to be an interesting comparison when put side by side. In The Crucible, the women of the story

Minimum wages Free Essays

Many economic theories have been proposed to discuss the impact of minimum wages on labor market. The proceedings of the labor market is based on the exchange of resources between the employee and employer, the employee receive wages in return for their labor services to the employer. Labor market is considered to be most competitive market, where the established market price is much closer to the value of the product. We will write a custom essay sample on Minimum wages or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore, the employee is likely to receive marginal value, in the competitive market (excluding the factor of minimum wage). Therefore minimum wage laws have been introduced which foresee crisis of unemployment, if fewer employers are interested to hire labor, where as more people are willing to offer their services. Therefore, the law intends to maintain the equilibrium, to avoid social and economic turmoil. The amount of labor supplied by the workers is directly proportional to the nominal wage, a certain increase in the wage, forecast increase in the labor supply. The observation is based on the assumption that an employee hired at a low wage will prefer to consume ‘leisure and forego wages’, a slight increase in the nominal range, it becomes difficult to practice leisure and avoid labor, therefore there is an increase in the number of workers wiling to offer labor. The relationship between the labor supplied and nominal wage is function of different variables including price. A substantial increase in the price level will reduce the number of workers, at all wages (Wascher, 1995). LABOR MARKET AND WAGES There exists an inverse relationship between the nominal wage, and the ‘amount of labor demanded by the organizations’. A substantial increase in the wages is likely to compel the organizations to reduce recruitment schemes. The relationship has been derived on the basis of an assumption that the organization prefers saving for increased proportion of profitability i.e. such level of production is aimed by the organization which increases the profit i.e. the difference between expenses and revenue. The revenue is based on the price of an item, and quantity of the items sold (Christopher, 2005). The expanses include the amount of wages, which is based on the labor and services. Therefore, the company will prefer to maintain a minimum threshold level to secure profit, on the basis of reduction in the wages, as more workers are employed, the labor wage increases which turn the organization less profitable. The price factor may compel the organizations to recruit the employees for all wage levels. minimum wages AND LABOR MARKET: IMPLICATIONS It has been predicted that minimum wage laws are expected to increase unemployment, if minimum wage is established above equilibrium wage. It is because, a large number of employees will be interested in offering their services in exchange for higher wages, on contrary on small and limited number of such opportunities will be available. Also, the organizations will be careful about the recruitment scheme, and ensure that only well qualified people are hired on high wages, therefore there is expected to be little scope for the least skilled and inexperienced employees, thus within the labor market the unemployment level will increase (Kane, 2007). Another factor which has the potential to deteriorate the condition and extend the unemployment crisis is monopsony within the labor market. If the employer has the authority to determine the wages for the employees, it is expected that the unemployment rate will diminish because minimum wage may boost employment. The equilibrium between the labor demand and labor supply will exist only at a point when applied wage is equal to the requirements of the labor and organizations. Wages are more than the equilibrium wage, will result in unemployment i.e. the excess supply of labor. ‘Using the matching function formulation along with Nash bargaining between workers and firms, the results of Hosios inform us that an efficient labor market equilibrium requires that the elasticity of the matching function with respect to the size of the set of searchers be equal to the share of the surplus they receive’ (Kane, 2007). CONCERNS: MINIMUM WAGE It is important to understand that minimum wage is a practice control factor applicable on the labor, which can be regarded as the captivity of the economic rights of the low-paid labors, and their prospects. The increased minimum wage limit is expected to reduce America’s labor freedom index to 87 percent. In the case of free market economy, the maximum utilization of the land, information, capital goods, and labors achieved through price allocation. If the prices are kept free floating, the market is considered to be real free in launch of its economic policies and business plans, which have an impact on the labor market, and the fixture of minimum wage. ‘Estimates of the bargaining power parameter, although significantly lesser than a   percent, are significantly larger than estimates of the match function elasticity and as a result yield an optimal minimum wage rate less than the then current value of $4.25’ (Swinnerton, 1996). Considering the example of an organization, the organization has the right to increase its wages to capture the attention of the labor for the employment. Wages are considered to be suitable indication to discuss the expansion of business activities, and direct employment. ‘Freely floating prices allocate resources efficiently to places where they will take root and boost economic productivity’ (Christopher, 2005). Price signals have been disturbed and distorted through implementations of labor regulations, which hamper market mechanism, and restrict economic freedom of employers and employees. Minimum wage is considered to have significant impact on economic freedom, the labor supply and demand mechanism undergo disruption due to the allocation of government specified minimum wages (Card, 1995). If the situation is not existent, the minimum wage can be regarded as ‘crude instrument’ which relocate the labor market towards efficient allocation. ‘The labor market is not excused from the basic economic principle that artificially high prices cause lower demand’. The National Bureau of Economic Research observed that many analysts were of the opinion that minimum wages have negative impact on the labor market, ‘almost all point to negative employment effects’. More specifically, the study also revealed that there is, ‘relatively overwhelming evidence of stronger unemployment’ impacts on less experienced workers (Swinnerton, 1996). In the case on United States, the proposed federal minimum wage has been avoided by the Congress for more than a decade. The reviewed limit for the minimum wage is expected to raise to $7.25, however analyst are of the opinion that labor market can be served well through expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit (or EITC, a substantial wage subsidy for low-income workers). According to 2007 Index, more than 90% of the US labor market is considered independent, and the imposition of the minimum wage will not only hamper the status of the labor market, but will reduce the labor freedom factor. IMPLICATIONS The proper approach for ensuring better income for group of workers can be achieved through imposition of minimum wage. The entrance to Labor Market can be achieved through implementation of minimum wage, and this is likely to benefit least qualified individuals. ‘Labor market flexibility refers to the ease with which workers and employers can negotiate mutually advantageous labor contracts’ (Nathalie, 2006). However the implementation of minimum wage has been discouraged by economist, most of the economists are of the opinion that higher minimum wage has failed to achieved the primarily goal of poverty reduction, and is responsible for unemployment. According to a survey by Canadian authorities, 10% increase in the minimum wage was responsible for the direct unemployment of Canadian teenagers by 2.5%. In this context the labor laws play fundamental role, to counter such flaws. Researchers have concluded that, the scheme of tightening of laws about labor relations is responsible for the unemployment. It has been warned that implementation of rigid laws for the minimum wage barrier will affect the performance of the organizations. It is believed that organizations will opt for recruitment of smaller staff, and sought the replacement of workers with machines, and diminishes the performance premiums and other perks, or move switch over their operations ands move to other part. EFFECTS AND ALTERNATIVE (TAX CREDIT) The increase in the level of minimum wage is considered to be blockade for the reformed economic policies of any country; furthermore it disrupts international competitiveness, labor freedom. Labor freedom, like property rights and business freedom, a detailed study report issued by The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal have concluded that, all these factors are considered to be important parameters for the evaluation of country’s overall economic freedom as measured by the Index of Economic Freedom (Kane, 2007). The labor market should be based on labor freedom to strengthen the scope of economic activities that correlates the ability of workers and businesses to interact without any surveillance or official restrictions by the government. The minimum wage is although considered to be an important measure for supporting the poor and less skilled worker, but such conditions affect the business activity and shatter the economic plans of the organizations, and consequently the labor market is affected (Wascher, 1995). ‘The minimum wage disrupts the natural interaction of supply and demand and leads to inefficient allocations of labor and, eventually, increased unemployment’, on contrary the government discourage the practice of competitiveness, and transform it into level economic battlefield, with restricted scope of advents (Swinnerton, 1996). The sole objective of minimum wage is to provide higher income to low earners, but to avoid the negative fallout of labor market, the execution of such policy should be avoided, and therefore policies based on negative income tax or earned income tax credit should be introduced to favor the low wage earners. Such methodology is considered to be economic efficient. The classical analysis of minimum wage support the idea that higher wage earners should help the low earners, the restriction of higher minimum wage is likely to affect the services and jobs of the low wage earners, therefore the labor market can be strengthen by providing sufficient incentives to ‘ low wage workers at the expense of other low wage workers and businesses employing low wage workers’ (Card, 1995). The alternative scheme of negative income tax or earned income tax credit support the low earners, and it is the over all society that incurs the cost, and this further stabilizes the labor market. The scheme is considered to be economically viable, ‘because, a low tax rate on the broader economy causes less deadweight loss than a high tax rate on a small section of the economy’ (Wascher, 1995). It has been reported that the approved EITC has increased the level of earnings by 40 percent; the proposed $7.25 of minimum wage after taxes for a full-time worker is expected to double the EITC. It is expected that minimum wage and tax credit scheme will rekindle the hope of low earners, and re-link them directly to the benefits of growing economy. REFERENCES Tim Kane, Ph.D. and Anthony B. Kim. A Higher Minimum Wage Equals Less Economic Freedom. 2007. Prentice Hall. pp. 125 Neumark, D. and W. Wascher. Minimum-Wage Effects on School and Work Transitions of Teenagers. American Economic Review 85. 1995. pp. 244-249. Card, D. and A. Krueger. Myth and Measurement: The New Economics of the Minimum Wage. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 1995. Swinnerton, K. Minimum Wages in an Equilibrium Search Model with Diminishing Returns to Labor in Production. Journal of Labor Economics 14. 1996. pp. 340-355. Christopher J. Flinn. Minimum Wage Effects on Labor Market Outcomes under Search, Matching, and Endogenous Contact Rates. New York University Publications. 2005. pp. 45 Nathalie Elgrably. The Minimum Wage and Labor Market flexibility. December 2006.Montreal Economic Institute Publications.       How to cite Minimum wages, Essay examples

Voice and Video over IP (Internet Protocol) free essay sample

A discussion on Voice and Video over, a relatively new communication technology that, though still in a development stage, is now sufficiently mature and available for use. The following paper examines how well Voice and Video over IP works and looks at what makes it different from the existing systems. The writer assesses whether it is real competition for other alternate services and examines what its advantages and limitations are. These are some of the key questions that this technology report examines and attempts to answer. Various other aspects and issues of this exciting new technology such as the history of its development, applications of the VoIP technology, the challenges facing VoiP and its future prospects are also discussed in this paper. Voice and Video over the Internet Protocol is without doubt an important new technology with wide ranging and ever-expanding possibilities. As we have seen in this paper, the VoIP technology has some clear advantages over the competing technologies such as significant cost savings in long-distance (especially international) voice communication, the inherent efficiency of data transfer through packet switching as compared to circuit switching, and the possibilities of integrating data and voice applications. We will write a custom essay sample on Voice and Video over IP (Internet Protocol) or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, it would be premature to predict the complete demise of traditional telephone communication systems such as the PSTN. Due to its characteristic of compatibility with the existing systems, VoIP is likely to live side by side with other telecommunication technologies, at least in the foreseeable future.

Rules of Preposition free essay sample

Most preposition usage is essentially conventional, even quirkish at times, and many preposition choices actually have no inherent or discernible logic of their own. For instance, it’s not easy to discern any logical difference between â€Å"in,† â€Å"on,† and â€Å"at† as prepositions of place and location, and this is why so many nonnative English speakers take a long time to master their proper usage. Achieving this mastery, in fact, requires committing to memory the specific prepositions needed according to established usage, and it’s a task that becomes even more tedious and difficult in the case of the prepositional phrases and prepositional idioms. The common run of prepositions usually establishes a space or time relationship between ideas within a phrase, clause, or sentence, and they can be divided into five groups: 1. The prepositions of place and location: â€Å"in,† â€Å"at,† and â€Å"on† 2. The prepositions of motion: â€Å"to,† â€Å"toward,† â€Å"in,† and â€Å"into† 3. The prepositions of movement and direction: â€Å"to,† â€Å"onto,† and â€Å"into† 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Rules of Preposition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The prepositions for specific points of time: â€Å"on,† â€Å"at,† â€Å"in,† and â€Å"after† 5. The prepositions for periods or extended time: â€Å"since,† â€Å"for,† â€Å"by,† â€Å"from†¦to,†       â€Å"from†¦until,† â€Å"before,† â€Å"during,† â€Å"within,† â€Å"between,† and â€Å"beyond. † The prepositions â€Å"in,† â€Å"at,† and â€Å"on† for indicating place and location. The general rule is to use â€Å"in† for an enclosed space, â€Å"at† for a point, and â€Å"on† for a surface. Here are some specific guidelines for their use in American English: Use â€Å"in† for spaces: â€Å"They always meet in a secret room [in a suburban hotel, in a parking lot, in a farm, in a ricefield]. † Use â€Å"in† for names of specific land areas: â€Å"She lives in a quiet town [in Tagaytay, in Cavite, in Southern Tagalog, in the island of Palawan, in the Philippines, in Southeast Asia]. Use â€Å"in† for bodies of water: â€Å"That kind of fish thrives in freshwater [in the river, in the lake, in streams, in the sea]. † Use â€Å"in† for lines: â€Å"The registrants are in a row [in a line, in a queue]. † Use â€Å"at† to indicate points: â€Å"You’ll find us at the entrance [at the taxi stand, at the supermarket, at the intersection]. † Use â€Å"at† for specific addresses, as in â€Å"She lives at 40 Lilac St. † Use â€Å"on† for names of streets, roads, avenues, and boulevards: â€Å"Her apartment is on San Pablo Street [on Ortigas Avenue, on Santolan Road, on Roxas Boulevard]. † Use â€Å"on† for surfaces: â€Å"There’s a large stain on the floor [on the wall, on the ceiling, on the roof]. † The prepositions â€Å"in,† â€Å"at,† and â€Å"on† for indicating location. Use â€Å"in† in these cases: â€Å"The children are in the kitchen [in the garden, in the car, in the library, in the class, in school]. (The article â€Å"the† is mandatory except for the fourth and last example. ) Use â€Å"at† in these particular cases: â€Å"She was at home [at the library, at the office, at school, at work] when we arrived. † Use â€Å"on† in these particular cases: â€Å"They are on the plane [on the train, on the boat. We must keep in mind, however, that â€Å"to† is used to convey the idea of movement toward a specific destination, while â€Å"toward† is used to convey movement in a general direction that may not reach a specific destination: â€Å"Please take me to the bus station. † (The speaker obligates the listener to specifically take him to a particular place. ) â€Å"The speedboat headed toward the harbor. † (The speaker indicates only a movement in a general direction. ) We can actually interchange â€Å"into† and â€Å"in† more or less freely when used with verbs of motion. There are exceptions, though.

Ecology the Rocky shore and the Inland essays

Ecology the Rocky shore and the Inland essays The environment in a habitat is affected by many factors. These are physical factors, nonliving ones, and biotic factors, living ones. These factors vary completely in different areas. In this essay the two places Ill be taking are the rocky shore and the inland. Though they are not far away from each other, their ecosystems differ in many ways; Ill try to explain why and why some habitats are more suitable for organisms than others. Ill start first with the physical factors. These include air temperature, wind speed, humidity and most important the soil. These are very important because they determine which animals are going to live in the habitat and their way of living. Air temperature affects as much in the inland as in the rocky shore. This, of course, was measured using a thermometer. We put the thermometer at ground level and wrote down the temperature. For this experiment the rocky shore had a higher temperature of 34 degrees Celsius, though the difference was 4 degrees. The reason for this mere change is actually due to a biotic factor, which is that plants stopped the total exposure of the soil to the sun. The air temperature affects the evaporation rate in the inland, which affects the plants. In the rocky shore some organisms have to adapt themselves to the heat, most of them try to prevent dehydration and not many do this. For measuring the wind speed a special apparatus was used, though it is not very accurate (due to the fact that wind speed changes from one second to another), you can measure the range of the wind speed. There is a really big in wind speed between the inland and the rocky shore. The wind in the rocky shore has a speed of 6 to 7 mph, whereas in the inland the wind speed is zero mph. The reason for this is that a lot of plants block the wind; the rocky shore hasnt got a lot of plant. One of the most destructive consequences of a lot of wind is soil erosion. The wind bl...

Proposal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Proposal - Research Paper Example On the basis of collected data on different socio-economical parameters related to juvenile crime, we are trying to figure out whether one single reason plays more important behind this crime or the different social and economical parameters an important role behind this. Use of different statistical methods to analyze the collected data will help us figure out what are the points that play a major role behind juvenile crimes across the world. To sum up the research topic we can say that the most important question in relation to juvenile crime is how many lives should be lost when a young person gets involved in a crime resulting in a death of an innocent person? In every country, the above question is the most important point of debate with respect to juvenile crime. Hence this research attempts to find the relation between socio economic factors and juvenile offences. Part 2: Literature Review: According to Binder, Geis, Bruce (2001), a person below a certain legally defined age o f criminal responsibility and above a certain age limit, held punishable for conducting any criminal offense is known as juvenile delinquent. The consideration of minimum age, at which an individual can be convicted in a criminal court varies in different countries. For youngsters, any hearing for any kind of offense happens in a juvenile court initially but if the court feels that the level of crime is bigger, then the justice can be done through normal hearing (Binder, Geis, Bruce, 2001, p.3). Principal youth court judge of New Zealand Becroft (2009), in his writing pointed out different reasons behind the antisocial or criminal behavior of any child. These comprised previous history of antisocial behavior, use of tobacco, alcohol etc, low self control, hyperactive nature, low family income, less educated parents, family history of criminal behavior. All these directly or indirectly induce a young child to get involved in criminal activities. According to Shoemaker (2009), Juvenil e delinquency not only include criminal activities, conducted by any minor, but it also includes other activities like running away from home, truance from school, disobeying the instruction of parents or local guardians etc. These activities known as â€Å"status offenses† (Shoemaker, 2009, p 3). According to Shoemaker, in the USA, two factors were taken into consideration by any state before taking a case from the juvenile court to adult court jurisdiction. These are age of the child at the time of the offense and the nature of magnitude of the offense. Any serious offense like murder or forcible rape by any juvenile sometimes transferred to the adult court of jurisdiction which requires a higher level of punishment. (Shoemaker, 2009, p 3-4) Elrod and Ryder(2013) in their study pointed out the importance of juvenile justice as an institution for social control. According to them it is important for the family and school to have control over the youth and also teach them the lesson to not get involved in the criminal activities. According to them, juvenile justice system will help young individuals to avoid the criminal activities in the near future which are harmful for them as well as their near ones. (Elrod and Ryder, 2013, p. 13). According to World youth report 2003 (2004), the intensity of the juvenile crime, is determined by the social, economical and cultural conditions of

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

HRM - Essay Example According to the organization, the employees should be highly engaged within the system as this would increase their work efficiency. The employees of the airline are aware that the organization is not only concerned about the satisfaction of the customers, but also about the employee security. SouthWest Airlines provides high job security to the employees to ensure their long term interest in staying with the organization. The compensation policies of the organization include heavy usage of collective payment for the performance. This policy is highly attractive for motivating the employees. The organization aims at hiring the candidates with the highest potential in order to improve the overall efficiency. Providing them with the appropriate training and development programs help them in adapting to the organizational culture, understand the pattern of job and finally, perform better. American Express Train is the member of the international niche of forty air links that perform th e task of carrying the flying passengers from and to the airports. It is renowned in terms of human resource and maintenance of employee relations. The human resource policies of AET are similar to the policies adapted by South West airlines to some extent. Although both the organizations possess different set of business strategies, yet the human resource policies for meeting the goals and objectives of the organizations are similar. Thus, the alignment of the human resource policies and practices with the business strategies is very important for improving the performance of the organization. As the economic environment is evolving in a rapid manner, the change results in the shift of demands of customers and investors along with increase in the product and market competition. For competing successfully within the environment, the organizations require to improve their performances constantly by means of cost reduction, product innovation, process innovation and improvement in pro ductivity as well as product or service quality. Performance of an organization consists of a broad concept including efficiency, productivity, effectiveness and competitiveness. Most of the researches have been done on the impact of the human resource management on the performance of an organization. In the year 1997, there had been a research conducted by Paauwe and Richardson which had encompassed thirty various studies in order to establish a relationship between the range of HR practices and the human resource management outcomes like, motivation, employee satisfaction, absenteeism, commitment and turnover. It had also focused on the relationship between these human resource management outcomes and the performance outcomes in the organizational level like, research and development, productivity, quality, customer satisfaction, profit and many other factors. Research has also been done related to the theories of human resource management and performances and the ways in which th ey are linked with each other. Organizational performance is based upon the effectiveness with which the services or products are being offered to the customers. The human resources of the organizations are responsible for designing, producing and delivering these services. Thus, the organizational performance is highly dependent upon the human resource management policies of the system as these policies determine the individual performances of these employees (Thussu and Freedman 22; Ruppel

Elvis Presley King of Rock and Roll Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Elvis Presley King of Rock and Roll - Essay Example nt, his reputation as the world’s greatest Rock ‘n’ Roll singer even after the sensational impact of ‘Beatlemania’ of 1964 had not declined even decades after his demise. Elvis Aaron Presley was born to Vernon and Gladys Presley in the humblest circumstances on January 8, 1935, in Mississippi. He graduated from Humes High School, in Tennessee where his parents migrated, in 1953. The young Elvis displayed a natural gift for singing and took up guitar at eleven that was given by his father as a birthday gift. Pop, country music, gospel music, and the black R&B of the time influenced him in molding his musical genius. He began his singing experimentation in the summer of 1953, when he decided to record songs, mainly out of curiosity to hear his own sound on record. The two songs ‘My Happiness’ and ‘That’s When Your Heartaches Begin’ recorded at Memphis Recording Service Studio caught attention of Sun Records founder Sam Phillips and assistant Marion Keisker recognize his â€Å"nascent talent.† (Chuck). In 1954 Phillips asked Elvis to team up with two local musicians to try out a speeded-up version of blues singer Arthur ‘Big Boy’ Crudup’s song ‘That is All Right,’ which was released as Elvis’ first single. In 1955 his recording career was sold to RCV Records, one of the worlds biggest record companies, on the advice of Colonel Tom Parker (Andreas van Kuijk). The RCA had the necessary influence to â€Å"expose Elvis on nationally networked television† and by 1956 he was an international sensation. (Lennon and Dylan). His popular number one hits are: Heart Break Hotel (1956), Love me Tender (1956), (Let me be your) Teddy Bear-Loving You (1957), Jailhouse Rock(1957), Stuck on You-Welcome Home (1960), Are You lonesome Tonight? & All shook up (1968 come back specials), Can’t help falling in love (1961), In the Ghetto (1970), The Wonder of You (1970), and Burning Love (1973). He had a short stint with U.S army and also experimented with

The Current Trends In Computer Hardware Platforms Information Technology Essay

The Current Trends In Computer Hardware Platforms Information Technology Essay as time is changing so is the market trends in computer hardware and software technology and the future of computer hardware looks to be more unpredictable the reason behind the cause is the troubles between the hardware and software engineers and so we can say in future the hardware may be declining as the software market is growing and is getting edge over it. But at the same time we should know that the hardware market can not be completely eliminated .The market demands for hardware are changing continuously because it requires new faster ,better and more compatible hardware and another changing trend in this market can be seen that there are more jobs in computer software market compare to hardware technology and the reason behind the fact is that there is more space available in advancement of software technology compare to hardware. But at the same time hardware technology is and will continue to bring new applications to make business and life easier. There is a new and more applicable type of technology which is being used in common hardware technology now a days is known as the cots. The cots stands for commercial of the self products and it has proven to be more trustable and dependable in changing computer technology. Cots is helping the computer software developers to make new products and hardware platform for adding the custom hardware for example USB which has proven to be precedence as the leader in external hardware transfers and cots also helping in the advancements such as XML PROTOCOL and new wireless advances(low risk cots 2005) another computer hardware technology which is commonly used is known as the microcontroller unit (mcu)which is being commonly used in automobiles and smart card industry. the 16 bit and 32 bit +mcu are key products are key products in high end consumer products. Automotive applications and industrial control hardware and mcus board application and wide range of embedded memory are helping to generate good revenue and on the other side mcus will continue to see their application in products other then in home computers which is giving a vision to hardware developers for innovations in this field .as the trends in computer hardware and software technology are changing which demands that the engineers of both field should work together and improve their communication to achieve theirs specified goals. With the increase of cpus capacity the software created will continually take up more than enough room which allows continues growth of cpus industry.(sauer2004) trends in computer hardware by Mathew nelson published october21,2008 ANSWER QUESTION 2 PRINCIPAL TOOLS FOR BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN BUSINESS The most commonly used business tools which are being used now days increase the cost, functionality of the business. they increase the business intelligence complexity and decrease the total no of the customers. These tools are categorised as Excel Reporting tool Olap tool Data mining tool Excel The most commonly used tool in business intelligence now days is excel and its not surprising because it has certain reason behind this which are Ità ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s very economical Its widely used its user friendly for example you can send an excel sheet to anyone without any problem whether the recipient knows how to read the nos . It has a lot of functions which enables the users to display data And in real its has been so much liked by the users that all third party reporting/olap tools have an export to excel functionality even for home built solutions the ability of excel exporting numbers needs to be built. In short we can say that excel is the best tool in business intelligence for its operations reporting and goals tracking. Reporting tool We can divide this tool into two groups one is the custom built reporting tools and the second is the commercial reporting tools and they help the users to make schedule and their reports and help them to implement and thus providing them some flexibility. Reporting tool selection plays important role in the selection of olap tool so we have to discuss a little more about the reporting tool selection criteria REPORTING TOOL SELECTIO BUY VS BUILD To buy or build reporting tool for any business intelligence is dependant on its requirements.which can be categorised as Number of reports because higher the numbers of reports there will be more requirement of buying a reporting tool because it will not only help to make the new reports but also will hep to report management systems and will make the business maintenance and support functions easier. Desired report distribution mode helps to access the reports through the variety of channels which would make sense to invest in a third party reporting tool that already comes packaged with these distribution modes. If the users need to create their own ad hoc reports than it would be a good idea to purchase reporting tool. REPORTING TOOL FUCTIONALILITIES Data is useless unless if its not transmitted effectively and its stays in data warehouse so presentation layer is of very high importance. So evaluation of reporting tools depends on the following points which are Data source connection capabilities Scheduling and distribution capabilities Security features Customization Export capabilities Integration with Microsoft office environment Popular tools Business objects Cognos Actuate OLAP Tools This tool is mostly used by the advanced users and it helps out to look data from multiple dimensions and it is used for multidimensional analysis. Now there are some basic factors we should keep in mind to select this tool which are Buy vs build Olap tools help to sort out data by slicing or dicing which requires strong metadata layer along with much complex flexibility which are very difficult features to have in any home built systems so if there is any need to go for olap analysis so its better to go for existing one rather than building a new from scratch. Olap tool functionalities There are two types of olap tool one is known as molap the other one is rolap and they function differently Molap in this type of olap tool data travels in the form of cube when its received from the data ware house it aggregates in the form of cube and when we request report molap tool generate it quickly because it is stored already in the cube. Rolap is the type of olap tool which acts as a smart SQL generator and it mostly comes with a designer piece where data warehouse administrator can specify relationships between the relation tables as well as how dimensions attributes map to the underlying database tables. Now a days there is convergence in traditional molap and rolap vendors because rolap vendors know that customers want their reports fast so they use molap functionalities in their tools while molap know that most of time it becomes impossible for them to deliver detail data because of their cube formation and size problems. Criteria for evaluating vendors are Ability to leverage parallelism supplied by rdbms and hardware Performance Customization efforts Security features Metadata support Popular tools Cogon Business objects Hyperion Microsoft analysis services Pentaho Palo olap server Data mining tool This is a very rarely used tool in business intelligence only few specialized users use it. It is basically used for finding correlation among different factors. Ref/http://www.ikeydata.com/datawarehousing/business-intelligence-tools.php ANSWER QUESTION 3 Information systems at different levels of management in an organization DEFINATION Information system of an organization is a computer base system that provides up to date data of company performance for example company inventory and sale. This system is connected normally with a computer network in which different computers are being connected in order to share data and resources. The role of information system in an organization is to store, retrieve,transmitt and manipulate data or information which is used in different processes of an organization. these information systems take out the information which is useable at all levels of organization ,strategic, tactical and operational. The information systems which normally deal with the general management functions is known as management information system or (MIS).A good example of an MIS is the corporate annual report of stakeholders which is also known as the schedule report.there are some iother information systems are being at different level of organization for example enterprise resource planning (ERP) and executive information systems(EIS) which provide packaged modules of programs taht perform the same function but with greater functionality ,flexibility and integrated capabilities.there are different information systems are being used in an organization at different levels for example TPS,ESS,and DSS. TPS TPS or also known as transactional processing systems is a type of information systems which collects modifies retrieves and store the data transaction of an enterprise. A transaction is a process in which data is modified before storage in information system.TPS Plays a vital role in commercial organization success because it makes sure that all orders are being delivered in time and payments between the suppliers and partners are made in time so tps has become a vital part of effective business management led by such organizations such as association of work processing improvement and transaction processing performance council.TPS ensures the speedy transfer of data and progression of processes throughout the enterprise.TPS has different characteristics. Rapid processing Reliability Standardisation Controlled access Atomicity Isolation Durability http://www.bestpricecomputers.co.uk/glossary/transaction-processing-systems.htm ESS (EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM) This system help the senior management to take some important decions and mostly rely on the external data rather than the data available internally and decisions are being made on the basis of the world changing outside the organization which is a very delicate issue so it is necessary for this system to be flexible and easy to manipulate because the problems and situations which the senior management face most of the time is always changing. Executives face problems in making decisions in ESS because the information they get through it most of the time its overloaded and to make important decisions its necessary to drill down the maximum information to make it right. as with the advancements of technology ESS is being able to link up internal data to external data to make it more useful for the executives to make important organizational decisions and many executives are turning to the web to provide flexibility they need .ESS only provides the information not the decisions now its the management who have to use its experience ,education and knowledge and business environment to make their decisions. http://www.scribd.com/doc/9657403/Executive-Support-Systems-ESS DSS (DECISIONS SUPPORT SYSTEM) The dcsion support system educates the students in design implementation and use of computerised systems which support business mangers in decision making decisions support is different from MIS and IS because it not only provides the users the information ,data or reports but it also provides the answers of its customers quries in other words decisionsor we can say DSS help out managers to make decisions .DSS is the system which encompasses various mathmetical models and it has different segments to study for example information systems,data base management,networks and telecommunication security,DSS implementation and development, visual interface design, as well as various mathematical modelling techniques specific computer languages skills c++ ,visual basic and java.DSS is a well demanding field in the market and its graduates always find good job prospects. Over 100 companies and government organizations interview the dss professional for bit seniors DSS typical obtain job in in formation technology. Job titles are mostly system developer, system analyst,programmer analyst,data base developer,network administrator etc. The largest single type of employer of DSS option graduates is typically consulting firms such as Accenture, KPMG, CGI, Deloitte TouchÃÆ' ©, PricewaterhouseCoopers, Booz Allen Hamilton, among many others. However, numerous other types of companies and organizations hire DSS graduates to work in various IT-related jobs. http://www.bit.vt.edu/academics/dss_index.html

A&P, by John Updike :: Literary Analysis

The first line of the story, â€Å"A&P, by John Updike, â€Å"In walks three girls in nothing but bathing suits†; (230) sets the tone for the rest of the story. The remainder of the story is a description of how the main character Sammy, views not only the three girls in the bathing suits , but the rest of the women that are portrayed in the story. The main character of the story is a young guy, in the early 1960s, who is working at a grocery store when these three young women walk in. He describes how they were scantily clad and walking around the store, and the reactions of the others in the store, including himself, his co-workers, his manager and other patrons. This story is about how a 19-year-old guy in 1961 perceived and objectified the women, young and old, as a whole. The first woman Sammy has contact with after observing the three girls, is a customer he describes as â€Å"a witch of about fifty years, with rouge on her cheekbones and no eyebrows† (230). She has become impatient with him when he cannot recollect if he rang up her box of crackers, since the three younger girls distracted him. Sammy also says, â€Å"If she were born in the right time, they would have burned her over in Salem†, substantiating his characterization of her being a witch. He presumes that this woman’s purpose was to trip him up and get pleasure from it. Sammy goes on to describe the three young women. The first one he calls the â€Å"chunky one† (230), whom he describes as having a â€Å"sweet broad soft looking can† (230), in reference to her backside. He also adds, â€Å"With two crescents of white under it where the sun never shines† (230), showing that he is really gawking at her backside. The second, he describes as the â€Å"tall one, with black hair that had not quite frizzled right, with a chin that was too long† (230) - the kind that other girls think is very â€Å"striking† (230) and â€Å"attractive† (230). The third, he described as the â€Å"queen† (230). She is the one he considers to be the most attractive of the girls, and the leader of the group. When she pulled out her money to pay for her purchase, Sammy talked about how he slowly un-creased the bill. It was retrieved from what he described as the â€Å"nicest two scoops of vanilla he has ever seen† (230); m aking reference to the queen’s breasts. A&P, by John Updike :: Literary Analysis The first line of the story, â€Å"A&P, by John Updike, â€Å"In walks three girls in nothing but bathing suits†; (230) sets the tone for the rest of the story. The remainder of the story is a description of how the main character Sammy, views not only the three girls in the bathing suits , but the rest of the women that are portrayed in the story. The main character of the story is a young guy, in the early 1960s, who is working at a grocery store when these three young women walk in. He describes how they were scantily clad and walking around the store, and the reactions of the others in the store, including himself, his co-workers, his manager and other patrons. This story is about how a 19-year-old guy in 1961 perceived and objectified the women, young and old, as a whole. The first woman Sammy has contact with after observing the three girls, is a customer he describes as â€Å"a witch of about fifty years, with rouge on her cheekbones and no eyebrows† (230). She has become impatient with him when he cannot recollect if he rang up her box of crackers, since the three younger girls distracted him. Sammy also says, â€Å"If she were born in the right time, they would have burned her over in Salem†, substantiating his characterization of her being a witch. He presumes that this woman’s purpose was to trip him up and get pleasure from it. Sammy goes on to describe the three young women. The first one he calls the â€Å"chunky one† (230), whom he describes as having a â€Å"sweet broad soft looking can† (230), in reference to her backside. He also adds, â€Å"With two crescents of white under it where the sun never shines† (230), showing that he is really gawking at her backside. The second, he describes as the â€Å"tall one, with black hair that had not quite frizzled right, with a chin that was too long† (230) - the kind that other girls think is very â€Å"striking† (230) and â€Å"attractive† (230). The third, he described as the â€Å"queen† (230). She is the one he considers to be the most attractive of the girls, and the leader of the group. When she pulled out her money to pay for her purchase, Sammy talked about how he slowly un-creased the bill. It was retrieved from what he described as the â€Å"nicest two scoops of vanilla he has ever seen† (230); m aking reference to the queen’s breasts.